Monitoring and modeling of Stormwater Trees to determine their hydrological performance in current and future climate
Instrumentation et modélisation d'arbres de pluie pour déterminer leurs performances hydrologiques en climat actuel et futur
Résumé
Stormwater trees are efficient Stormwater Control Measures, but the contribution of the tree to the water balance at the event scale is not well defined, as it is difficult to be measured. Moreover, the impact of climate change on their performance for reducing runoff needs to be assessed, as urban trees often have a lifespan of several decades. In this paper, we monitored five stormwater trees and two control trees (projected duration of 18 months), with for each tree: a piezometer to follow water levels in infiltration trenches; soil moisture probes to follow the soil around the trees; and sap flow sensors to follow evapotranspiration. At the same time, infiltration tests will be performed regularly and during heatwaves and after intense rainfall events to establish empirical relationship between the ability of these systems to infiltrate water and hydro-climatic indicators. The data acquired will be used to calibrate and validate a stormwater tree model on HYDRUS 2D. Then, this model will be fed by downscaled climate change timeseries (precipitation, evapotranspiration and temperature) to determine the performance of Stormwater Trees under a future climate.
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