Evidence for constitutive microbiota-dependent short-term control of food intake in mice: Is there a link with inflammation, oxidative stress, endotoxemia, and Glp-1? - Archive ouverte HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Antioxidants and Redox Signaling Année : 2022

Evidence for constitutive microbiota-dependent short-term control of food intake in mice: Is there a link with inflammation, oxidative stress, endotoxemia, and Glp-1?

Marine Huillet
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Gaetan Pallot
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Nicolas Loiseau
Gaëlle Boudry

Résumé

AIMS: Although prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal transplantation can alter the sensation of hunger and/or feeding behavior, the role of the constitutive gut microbiota in the short-term regulation of food intake during normal physiology is still unclear. RESULTS: An antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion study was designed to compare feeding behavior in conventional and microbiota-depleted mice. Tissues were sampled to characterize the time profile of microbiota-derived signals in mice during consumption of either standard or high-fat food for 1 hour. Pharmacological and genetic tools were used to evaluate the contribution of postprandial endotoxemia and inflammatory responses in the short-term regulation of food intake. We observed constitutive microbial and macronutrient-dependent control of food intake at the time scale of a meal, i.e., within 1 hour of food introduction. Specifically, microbiota depletion increased food intake and the microbiota-derived anorectic effect became significant during the consumption of high-fat but not standard food. This anorectic effect correlated with a specific postprandial microbial metabolic signature and did not require postprandial endotoxemia or an NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and Pyrin domain-containing protein 3)-inflammasome mediated inflammatory response. Innovation and Conclusion: These findings show that the gut microbiota controls host appetite at the time scale of a meal under normal physiology. Interestingly, a microbiota-derived anorectic effect develops specifically with a high-fat meal, indicating that gut microbiota activity is involved in the satietogenic properties of foods.
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Selma Ben Fradj, Emmanuelle Nédélec, Juliette Salvi, Mélanie Fouesnard, Marine Huillet, et al.. Evidence for constitutive microbiota-dependent short-term control of food intake in mice: Is there a link with inflammation, oxidative stress, endotoxemia, and Glp-1?. Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, 2022, 37 (4-6), pp.349-369. ⟨10.1089/ars.2021.0095⟩. ⟨hal-03594297⟩
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