The Black Hole Universe (BHU)
Résumé
The full Universe can be modeled with a Big Bang (BB) homogeneous (FLRW) solution to General Relativity (GR), with an age which is only three times larger than the age of our planet. This is in agreement with most observations and with a Cosmological Principle were spacetime is homogeneous in space, but not in time. But recent observations show that cosmic expansion is dominated by an effective cosmological constant Λ > 0. This indicates that we are inside a trapped surface < Λ ≡ 3/Λ, which corresponds to the interior of a Black Hole (BH). CMB observations show that such BH Universe (BHU) is not empty outside Λ. Our BHU is a Bubble Universe connecting two FLRW metrics. This new solution to classical GR can be used to model a universe or a stellar BH. Both types of BHU can originate in the formation of a false vacuum by kinetic damping within an expanding background, such as cosmic inflation or a supernova explosion. Observed stellar and galactic BHs (and possibly BHs making the Dark Matter, DM) could also be made of BHUs. In comoving coordinates the BHU is expanding while in Schwarzschild coordinates it is asymptotically static. Such frame duality allows for a Perfect Cosmological Principle where spacetime can be homogeneous both in space and time, in better agreement with the relativity principle that the standard BB.
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