Article Dans Une Revue Asian Plant Research Journal Année : 2025

Determination of the Lethal Dose of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) for Optimal In-vitro Mutagenesis in Banana (Musa spp. cv. Phee-gyan)

Résumé

The genetic variation in Musa (ABB group, Bluggoe subgroup) cv. ‘Phee-gyan’, a popular cultivar in Myanmar, was enhanced by in vitro application of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis to proliferated shoot tips. Shoot tips were treated with EMS at concentrations of 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, and 1.5% across three incubation periods (30 min, 60 min, and 90 min) and cultured in five replicates using a randomized block design. The experiment was conducted at the laboratories of New Genetics (YAU) and Biotechnology Research Section (DAR) during 2023-2024. The results showed a dose-dependent decrease in survival percentage, shoot length, and fresh weight in the M1V1 generation compared to the control. The highest survival rate (91.48%) was recorded at 0.3% EMS (30 min), while the lowest survival (31.29%) occurred at 1.5% EMS (90 min). A 50% survival rate was recorded at 1.2% EMS (90 min), indicating a balance between mutation induction and plant viability. Shoot length was reduced to ~ 50% of the control at 1.2% EMS across all incubation times, while fresh weight decreased to ~ 50% of the control at 1.5% EMS (60 min and 90 min). Determining the lethal dose (LD₅₀) is essential to identify the optimum EMS concentration that maximizes mutagenesis efficiency while minimizing plant damage. Probit analysis determined LD₅₀ values based on survival percentage as 1.9% EMS (30 min and 60 min), and 1.2% EMS (90 min). For shoot length, LD₅₀ values were 1.3% EMS (30 min), and 1.1% EMS (60 min and 90 min), while for fresh weight, they were 1.9% EMS (30 min), 1.7% EMS (60 min), and 1.5% EMS (90 min). Based on these findings, 1.2% EMS (90 min) was determined to be the optimal mutagenesis condition for inducing genetic variability in banana cv. ‘Phee-gyan’. This optimized treatment could facilitate the improvement of key traits in banana breeding programs.

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Dates et versions

hal-05147082 , version 1 (07-07-2025)

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  • HAL Id : hal-05147082 , version 1

Citer

Myo Myat Myat Kyaw, Phyu Phyu Oo, Aye Thet Hnin, Moe Kyaw Thu, Myint Aye, et al.. Determination of the Lethal Dose of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) for Optimal In-vitro Mutagenesis in Banana (Musa spp. cv. Phee-gyan). Asian Plant Research Journal, 2025, 13 (3), pp.87-101. ⟨hal-05147082⟩
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