Plasticity of mitochondrial coupling efficiency: the last chance to survive in adverse environment?
Résumé
Converting food to cellular energy (ATP) is a fundamental requirement to sustain life. In aerobic organisms, mitochondria are the major source of ATP, becoming a strong physiological link between environmental resources and organism’s performances. The mitochondrial rate of ATP synthesis is dependent on both the oxidative capacity of the electron transport chain and the coupling efficiency of the oxidative phosphorylation process, i.e. the amount of ATP generated per molecule of oxygen consumed by mitochondria. Environmental fluctuations in abiotic (temperature and oxygen) and biotic (food resources) parameters have the potential to alter mitochondrial oxidative ATP production at different temporal levels. For instance, it is well described that thermal acclimation induces compensatory adjustments triggering mitochondrial fluxes resilience across large shifts in temperature. Using several experimental studies, we will explore the idea that changes in energy coupling efficiency would be the ultimate mitochondrial adjustment to sustain life on “the razor blade”.
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