This conference paper contains the transcription and analysis of the lecture titled From the Doppler Effect to Black Holes, held on April 8, 2016 at AAM. The lecture presents a progression that culminates in the elaboration of the black hole concept, starting from a commonly experienced phenomenon: the Doppler effect. It moves from the classical Doppler effect to the relativistic Doppler effect, applicable to motions with relative velocities comparable to the speed of light. This result confirms the predictions of General Relativity, leading to the definition of the Schwarzschild radius of a mass.