A new concept of inoculation by isomorphic refractory powders and its mechanism for grain refinement
Résumé
Isomorphic Inoculation (ISI) is a novel grain refinement technique during solidification by the addition of metallic powders to the melt rather than ceramics. The powders are designed to grow epitaxially rather than to nucleate new solid, increasing theoretically the ratio between solidified grains and inoculants to 1:1. This technique circumvents the energy barrier problems related to heterogenous nucleation in traditional grain refinement techniques. In this manuscript, we show through a combination of numerical and experimental techniques that this ratio could be reached. This is achieved through novel experimental techniques to replicate the effects of the melt on the powders. A new CaF molten salt experiment was used to, for the first time, show the recrystallization/grain growth of Ti powders at high temperature. In parallel, we calibrated a model on our experimental conditions and used it to calculate the dissolution rate of the powders in the melt. The combined effects of grain growth, preferential grain boundary dissolution (increasing the number of powders) and bulk dissolution (decreasing the number of powders) act together, bringing the number of particles present during solidification near that of the number of solidified grains found in the sample ingots. The per particle efficiency of this method is far in excess of traditional inoculation methods and has the potential for wide applications, especially in systems such as TiAl used here where the heterogeneous particles remaining in the as-cast material are undesirable
Domaines
MatériauxOrigine | Fichiers éditeurs autorisés sur une archive ouverte |
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