Peirce's and Toulmin's perspectives to examine the informal inferential reasonings of preschool children
Résumé
This paper reports on the preliminary results of a research that studies the informal inferential reasoning of preschool children that arises when they explore samples and the variability of sampling. For this purpose, some arguments that the children provide when they are required to advise other people in a hypothetical situation are analyzed. In the analysis of the argumentative exercise, the differentiating elements of the types of reasoning proposed by Peirce and the argumentative structure proposed by Toulmin are revealed. The results show how said structural analysis allows describe how the children detect regularities in the samples and declare an informal statistical inference as a conclusion in the decision-making process; in addition, it shows how preschool children are using modal qualifiers to justify generalizations that go beyond the evidence in the data when resolving problems in contexts of uncertainty.
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