PICTURE is a highly pluridisciplinary project aiming at optimizing and improving predictions of the biological effects of targeted radiotherapies (RTs) emitting short-range ions, such as targeted-radionuclide therapies (TRT) with alpha-emitters and boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Indeed, alpha-TRT and BNCT raised a growing interest to treat diffuse and aggressive cancerous tumors thanks to, respectively, the fast development of radioimmunotherapy and of epithermal neutron sources based on accelerators. Like in ion-beam therapy, treatment planning of such therapies requires biological dose estimation as soon as high-LET ions are emitted by the radio-emitters (i.e. low-energy protons, alpha and lithium ions). Due to the short range of few micrometers of these ions, one expects that the microdistribution of radio-emitters and the geometry of cell impact the biological dose. It is therefore of utmost importance to consider extra-nuclear sensitive volumes in particular when radio-emitters are located outside the cell nucleus. At the moment, the cell nucleus is the only sensitive volume considered in biophysical models able to predict biological dose in ion-beam therapy. One of such models, NanOx [1,2], has been recently developed and shows good predictive performances of cell survival in hadrontherapy applications. Its design enabling convenient implementation of new mechanisms and an easy coupling with Monte-Carlo tools like G4-DNA, makes it a nice tool to address the modeling of biological dose for targeting RTs. The extension of the NanOx model, including the consideration of extra-nuclear sensitive sites, will lead to the introduction of new biological parameters that will be determined by means of innovative techniques. We intend in the PICTURE project: first, to evaluate the impact on cell death of the spatial alpha-emitter or boron distribution at the cellular scale using Monte-Carlo based simulations with GATE/Geant4-DNA codes, with implemented realistic microscopy-based cell geometry, and the current version of the NanOx model ; Then, to adapt the NanOx model to cell-survival predictions at very low-energy ions (still using only the cell nucleus as sensitive site) performing specific biological experiments with low-energy proton, alpha and lithium ion beams ; And finally, to extend the NanOx model to consider two sensitive sites (i.e. the nucleus and the extra-nuclear (cytoplasm and membrane) parts of the cell) in the quantification of damage, based on extensive simulation studies and dedicated biological experiments. A global description of the aims and methods planned in the PICTURE project will be presented, as well as the first calculation results, related to BNCT, available at the time of the conference. [1] Monini, C., Alphonse, G., Rodriguez-Lafrasse, C., Testa, É., & Beuve, M. (2019). Comparison of biophysical models with experimental data for three cell lines in response to irradiation with monoenergetic ions. Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, 12, 17-21. [2] Cunha, M., Monini, C., Testa, E., & Beuve, M. (2017). NanOx, a new model to predict cell survival in the context of particle therapy. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 62(4), 1248.