Circulating T cell profiles associate with enterotype signatures underlying hematological malignancy relapses
Résumé
Early administration of azithromycin after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was shown to
increase the relapse of hematological malignancies. To determine the impact of azithromycin on the post-
transplant gut ecosystem and its influence on relapse, we characterized overtime gut bacteriome, virome,
and metabolome of 55 patients treated with azithromycin or a placebo. We describe four enterotypes and
the network of associated bacteriophage species and metabolic pathways. One enterotype associates
with sustained remission. One taxon from Bacteroides specifically associates with relapse, while two from
Bacteroides and Prevotella correlate with complete remission. These taxa are associated with lipid, pentose,
and branched-chain amino acid metabolic pathways and several bacteriophage species. Enterotypes and
taxa associate with exhausted T cells and the functional status of circulating immune cells. These results
illustrate how an antibiotic influences a complex network of gut bacteria, viruses, and metabolites and
may promote cancer relapse through modifications of immune cells.
| Origine | Publication financée par une institution |
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