Design of an Autonomous Ride-sharing Service through a Graph Embedding Integrated Dial-a-ride Problem: Application to the Last-mile Transit in Lyon City
Résumé
Autonomous vehicles are anticipated to revolutionize ride-sharing services and subsequently enhance the
public transportation systems through a first-last mile transit service. Within this context, a fleet of
autonomous vehicles can be modeled as a Dial-a-Ride-Problem with certain features. In this study, we
propose a holistic solving approach for this problem, which combines the mixed-integer linear
programming formulation with a novel graph dimension reduction method based on the graph embedding
framework. This latter method is effective since accounting for heterogeneous travel demands of the
covered territory tends to increase the size of the routing graph drastically, thus rendering exact solving of
small instances computationally infeasible. An application is provided for the real transport demand of the
industrial district of “Vallée de la Chimie” in Lyon city, France. Instances involving more than 50
transport requests, and 10 vehicles could be easily solved. Results suggest that this method generates
routes of reduced nodes with a lower vehicle kilometers traveled compared to the constrained K-means
based reduction. Reductions in terms of GHG emissions are estimated to be around 75% lesser than the
private vehicle mode in our applied service. A sensitivity analysis is also provided.
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