Perspectives for regulating 10 nm particle number emissions based on novel measurement methodologies
Z. Samaras
(1)
,
M. Rieker
(2)
,
E. Papaioannou
(3)
,
W.F. van Dorp
(4)
,
M. Kousoulidou
(5)
,
L. Ntziachristos
(1)
,
J. Andersson
(6)
,
A. Bergmann
(7)
,
S. Hausberger
(7)
,
J. Keskinen
(8)
,
P. Karjalainen
(8)
,
S. Martikainen
(8)
,
A. Mamakos
(9)
,
Ch Haisch
(10)
,
A. Kontses
(1)
,
Z. Toumasatos
(1)
,
L. Landl
(7)
,
M. Bainschab
(7)
,
T. Lähde
(11)
,
O. Piacenza
(12)
,
P. Kreutziger
,
A.N. Bhave
(13)
,
K.F. Lee
,
J. Akroyd
(14, 15)
,
M. Kraft
(14, 15, 16)
,
M. Kazemimanesh
(14)
,
A.M. Boies
(14)
,
C. Focsa
(17)
,
D. Duca
(17)
,
Y. Carpentier
(17)
,
Claire Pirim
(17, 18)
,
J.A. Noble
(17)
,
O. Lancry
(19)
,
S. Legendre
(19)
,
T. Tritscher
(20)
,
J. Spielvogel
(20)
,
H.G. Horn
(20)
,
A. Pérez
(21)
,
S. Paz
(21)
,
D. Zarvalis
(3)
,
A. Melas
(11)
,
P. Baltzopoulou
(3)
,
N.D. Vlachos
(3)
,
L. Chasapidis
(3)
,
D. Deloglou
(3)
,
E. Daskalos
(3)
,
A. Tsakis
(3)
,
A.G. Konstandopoulos
(3, 1)
,
Stéphane Zinola
(22)
,
S. Di Iorio
(23)
,
F. Catapano
(23)
,
B.M. Vaglieco
(23)
,
H. Burtscher
(24)
,
G. Nicol
(12)
,
D. Zamora
(25)
,
M. Maggiore
(5)
1
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
2 HORIBA Europe GmbH
3 CERTH - Centre for Research and Technology Hellas [Athènes]
4 Uniresearch
5 European Commission [Brussels]
6 Ricardo Automotive & Industrial
7 TU Graz - Graz University of Technology [Graz]
8 TUT - Tampere University of Technology [Tampere]
9 AVL List GmbH
10 Institute of Hydrochemistry
11 JRC - European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra]
12 Centro Ricerche Fiat
13 CMCL Innovations
14 CAM - University of Cambridge [UK]
15 Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore
16 NTU - Nanyang Technological University [Singapour]
17 PhLAM - Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523
18 PMI - Physique Moléculaire aux Interfaces
19 HORIBA France SAS [Longjumeau]
20 TSI GmbH
21 IDIADA
22 IFPEN - IFP Energies nouvelles
23 STEMS - Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili
24 Institute for Aerosol and Sensor Technology
25 Mobility Ion Technologies
2 HORIBA Europe GmbH
3 CERTH - Centre for Research and Technology Hellas [Athènes]
4 Uniresearch
5 European Commission [Brussels]
6 Ricardo Automotive & Industrial
7 TU Graz - Graz University of Technology [Graz]
8 TUT - Tampere University of Technology [Tampere]
9 AVL List GmbH
10 Institute of Hydrochemistry
11 JRC - European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra]
12 Centro Ricerche Fiat
13 CMCL Innovations
14 CAM - University of Cambridge [UK]
15 Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore
16 NTU - Nanyang Technological University [Singapour]
17 PhLAM - Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523
18 PMI - Physique Moléculaire aux Interfaces
19 HORIBA France SAS [Longjumeau]
20 TSI GmbH
21 IDIADA
22 IFPEN - IFP Energies nouvelles
23 STEMS - Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili
24 Institute for Aerosol and Sensor Technology
25 Mobility Ion Technologies
J. Keskinen
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 760007
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7129-1306
P. Kreutziger
- Fonction : Auteur
K.F. Lee
- Fonction : Auteur
C. Focsa
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 740417
- IdHAL : cristian-focsa
- ORCID : 0000-0002-4512-1098
- IdRef : 088008932
Claire Pirim
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 180389
- IdHAL : claire-pirim
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5942-5001
- IdRef : 161917445
J.A. Noble
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 177778
- IdHAL : jennifer-noble
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4985-8254
- IdRef : 253118441
Résumé
Concerns regarding noxious emissions from internal combustion engines have increased over the years. There is a strong need to understand the nature of sub-23 nm particles and to develop measurement techniques to evaluate the feasibility of new regulations for particle number emissions in the sub-23 nm region (down to at least 10 nm).
This paper presents the results of three EU-funded projects (DownToTen, PEMs4Nano and SUREAL-23) which supported the understanding, measurement and regulation of particle emissions below 23 nm and have successfully developed sub-23 nm particle measurement devices, specifically laboratory systems and mobile devices for RDE tests. The new technology was validated in chassis dyno tests and on the real road. The results show that sub-23 nm particles are mainly generated at the engine start and during acceleration phases. The innovations show that the technology is mature and robust enough to serve as a basis for regulating sub-23 nm particles.
| Origine | Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s) |
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