In a context of climate change and concentration of human activities on the coasts, the risks of coastal erosion and marine submersion are constantly increasing worldwide. Thinking about these risks in relation to the Anthropocene means questioning the nature–society interactions that are at their origin. This chapter presents the importance of coastal risks in the world during the 20th century and the links with climate change. It discusses the concept of systemic vulnerability of coastal territories and its application to the French coastline. The integrated approach of systemic vulnerability underlines the complexity and multi-causality of coastal risks as well as the importance of their territorial contextualization. The chapter then takes a reflective look at the challenges of action research and what the notion of the Anthropocene can contribute.