Phase diagram and vortex properties of a PT-symmetric non-Hermitian two-component superfluid
Abstract
We discuss the phase diagram and properties of global vortices in the non-Hermitian parity-time-symmetric relativistic model possessing two interacting scalar complex fields. The phase diagram contains stable -symmetric regions and unstable -broken regions, which intertwine nontrivially with the U(1)-symmetric and U(1)-broken phases, thus forming rich patterns in the space of parameters of the model. The notion of the symmetry breaking is generalized to the interacting theory. At finite quartic couplings, the non-Hermitian model possesses classical vortex solutions in the -symmetric regions characterized by broken U(1) symmetry. In the long-range limit of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates, the vortices from different condensates experience mutual dissipative dynamics unless their cores overlap precisely. For comparison, we also consider a close Hermitian analog of the system and demonstrate that the non-Hermitian two-component model possesses much richer dynamics than its Hermitian counterpart.
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