Influence of facade characteristics on perceived annoyance from moving cars in urban living environments
Résumé
Due to increased awareness of negative effects of noise exposure, distinct measures are applied to mitigate the sound immission from road traffic in urban areas. This includes strategic planning of road traffic, design of noise mitigating infrastructure, and efforts to reduce the sound emission of the sources. An increased effort has also been aimed at investigating how architectural features of urban areas, such as material properties and texture, affect perception of the local outdoor sound environment. This paper presents a psychoacoustic laboratory experiment investigating the effect of facade absorption and scattering properties on short-term noise annoyance from moving passenger car sounds in outdoor living environments. A virtual acoustic environment was designed based on a newly constructed housing area in Switzerland. Sound propagation was simulated with the ray tracing software ODEON. Car paths were modeled by spatially distributed source points along the roads for which multichannel impulse responses were ambisonically rendered for static receiver locations. The impulse responses were then converted to generic ones that allowed for a crossfading interpolation to estimate an impulse response for an arbitrary position between two source points. Subsequently, synthesized car emission signals were convolved with the position specific impulse responses to auralize moving cars. The sounds were reproduced via five satellite loudspeakers and two subwoofers in the laboratory. This paper presents the experimental results and discusses the possible influence of the facade?s properties.
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