Servo-hydro and unsteady aerodynamic simulation of Floating Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
Résumé
Recent studies show evidence that Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) can be of interest for floating applications compared to Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs). The aerodynamics of floating wind turbines can be very unsteady in large structure motions and it is even more for VAWTs than for HAWTs as they strongly interact with their wake and the thrust and torque acting on their rotors is oscillating. Momentum theories based on the assumption of a steady flow on the rotor may not be accurate enough for floating turbines. Also, the reaction torque of the generator of a floating VAWT induces oscillations in yaw that create fatigue loadings in the mooring lines. A new simulation tool has been developed coupling the seakeeping software InWave developed in INNOSEA in collaboration with the LHEEA Lab of Centrale Nantes (France), to CACTUS, an unsteady aerodynamic solver based on the free vortex wake theory and developed at Sandia National Laboratories (USA). A first test-case on a floating HAWT, with comparison to results from FAST. This paper presents the coupled environment and a study on the fixed and floating DeepWind VAWT to demonstrate key issues on the behaviour of such a system concerning the reaction torque of the generator and the loads induced in the mooring system.
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