Since several decades, pigments have been used as a taxonomic tool for the identification and classification of bacteria. Nowadays, pigment producing microorganisms have been also widely interested in scientific disciplines because of their biotechnological potential. With the growing interest in microbial pigments because of factors such as production regardless of season and geographical conditions, novel microorganisms which their pigments can be extracted are being evaluated. In the nature, a numerous number of microorganisms e.g. yeast, fungi, algae and bacteria produce pigments. The genus Arthrobacter is one among diverse microorganisms which has been found to produce pigments. Most of bacteria in this genus produce a range of pigments. Several previous studies show that pigments produced by bacteria belonging to the genus Arthrobacter have various hues depending on the chromophore which is present, e.g. yellow by carotenoid and riboflavin, green and blue by indigoidine and indochrome, and red by porphyrins and carotenoids. Since long time numerous strains in this genus have been reported that their colonies are colored; however, the purification and characterization of their pigments were not frequently conducted until well know chemical structures and role in these strains. Consequently, a study of pigments produced by the genus Arthrobacter may be worthy to play attention for discovering a novel source of natural colourants.