High performance MRI simulation of arbitrarily complex flow: A versatile framework
Résumé
PURPOSE: During the last decades, magnetic resonance angiography has been used as a clinical routine for precise and non-invasive exploration of vessels, as well as for diagnosis of the most current neurovascular diseases. Several dedicated codes were developped to simulate specifically the process of arbitrarily complex flow imaging. Though, currently, most of the most advanced and performing MRI simulators do not include this option and are specialized in static tissues imaging. This work was carried out to expand the possibilities of one of those software in order to propose a complete full-featured tool for simulation of any MR experience including fluid motion.
THEORY AND METHODS: We present here an extension of JEMRIS, which is currently a performing and prevalent open-source software for MRI simulation. By implementing a Lagrangian description of individual spins motion, we are able to simulate any MR experience including both static tissues and arbitrarily complex flow.
RESULTS: We show the efficiency of this approach by replicating some specific angiographic pulse sequences such as phase contrast velocimetry, Time-of-Flight sequence or contrat agent injection. We also reproduce the appearance of flow artifacts (misregistration) on usual sequences. Those results include flow data based on theoretical flow model as well as complex numerical data obtained from Computational Fluid Dynamics methods.
CONCLUSION: We get an efficient and versatile tool for simulation of any MRI experience including physiological fluids with arbitrarily complex flow motion.
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