Shape optimization method for crashworthiness design based on Equivalent Static Loads concept
Résumé
Shape optimization of parameterized thin shell structures is increasingly considered by automotive industry in order to face nonlinear dynamics problems like crashworthiness. Since the number of parameters is important, traditional multidisciplinary optimization methods such as metamodeling techniques become less efficient due to expensive calculation times. A way to get around the problem is to switch to gradient methods which are less sensitive to the number of parameters. However, shape sensitivities are often hard and costly to calculate for highly nonlinear problems.
Inspired by the Equivalent Static Loads Method, we defined linear static problems on which we perform a shape sensitivity analysis. After linking sensitivity maps with CAD parameters, gradients are used as descent directions for the nonlinear objective function. We applied successfully the method to two test cases: minimization of a nodal displacement and maximization of the absorbed energy. Because the calculation of this descent direction is inexpensive, this new optimization method allows performing crashworthiness optimization studies with a large number of parameters.
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