Growth and root architecture of several species, provenances and varieties grown in a sandy spodosol in an Atlantic mild climate, after two years in the field
Résumé
The Landes forest is located South-West France and produces 20% of french wood, it is
mainly composed of intensively managed even-aged stands of Pinus pinaster (Ait). This
one million hectare forest was hit by two major storms in 1999 and 2009, destroying half
of the standing volume. Most of the reafforestation are made with genetically improved
varieties originating from a population breeding program with a selection at 10 years on
height and butt stem lean. In the coming years, other species, provenances or varieties of
P. pinaster will certainly be used for reafforestation to improve biodiversity, to specialise
production e.g. biomass, or resistance to biotic or abiotic stresses, e.g. drought. Root
system architecture is a key component in mechanical stability of trees. Therefore species,
provenances and varieties which could be potentially used in the Landes forest were
planted for 10 years in three locations to gain information about the dynamics of root
architecture in young trees. Each year ca. 150 trees are uprooted and the root system is
measured using 3D digitizing. An in-depth phenotyping of root architecture is made by
“architectural analysis”.
Robinia Pseudoacacia and Quercus Rubra showed an overall small growth in the three
experimental plots after two years in the field. Conversely, the two Eucalyptus clones were
two and three times higher than the P. pinaster in the medium-wet location, but did not
grow well in the most humid locations with Molinia Caerulea understory. Pinus taeda was
slightly higher than P. pinaster in the best location. The 12 P. pinaster provenances, or
varieties did not differ for stem dimensions, except the Moroccan provenance which has
significantly lower height, but a similar collar diameter than the other P. pinaster.
Root architecture and biomass measurements are just finished, and will be analysed in the
comming weeks.
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