Interpretable Aircraft Engine Diagnostic via Expert Indicator Aggregation
Résumé
Detecting early signs of failures (anomalies) in complex systems is one of
the main goal of preventive maintenance. It allows in particular to avoid
actual failures by (re)scheduling maintenance operations in a way that
optimizes maintenance costs. Aircraft engine health monitoring is one
representative example of a field in which anomaly detection is
crucial. Manufacturers collect large amount of engine related data during
flights which are used, among other applications, to detect anomalies. This
article introduces and studies a generic methodology that allows one to
build automatic early signs of anomaly detection in a way that builds upon
human expertise and that remains understandable by human operators who make
the final maintenance decision. The main idea of the method is to generate a
very large number of binary indicators based on parametric anomaly scores
designed by experts, complemented by simple aggregations of those scores. A
feature selection method is used to keep only the most discriminant
indicators which are used as inputs of a Naive Bayes classifier. This give
an interpretable classifier based on interpretable anomaly detectors whose
parameters have been optimized indirectly by the selection process. The
proposed methodology is evaluated on simulated data designed to reproduce
some of the anomaly types observed in real world engines.
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