First order global asymptotics for Calogero-Sutherland gases
Résumé
We study a physical system of N interacting particles in Rd subject to pair repulsion and confined by an external field. We establish a large deviations principle for their empirical measure as N tends to infinity. In the case of Riesz interaction, including Coulomb interaction in arbitrary dimension d > 2, the rate function is strictly convex and admits a unique minimum, the equilibrium measure, characterized via its potential. It follows that almost surely, the empirical distribution of the particles tends to this equilibrium measure as N tends to infinity. In the more specific case of Coulomb interaction in dimension d > 2, and when the external field is a convex or increasing function of the radius, then the equilibrium measure is supported in a ring. With a quadratic external field, the equilibrium measure is uniform on a ball.
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