Variation of heavy metal concentrations (Ag, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, V, and Zn) during the life cycle of the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis
Résumé
The evolution of the concentration of 8 essential and non essential heavy metals (Ag, Cd, Cu, Co, Fe, Pb, V, Zn) in the tissues (digestive gland, cuttlebone and whole animal) of the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis collected in the Bay of Seine has been tracked since the end of the embryogenesis until the reproduction period. Compared to the embryos, the juveniles after hatchling display much higher concentrations of Ag, Cu, Fe and Zn suggesting an efficient incorporation from seawater. Conversely, the amounts of Cd, Pb and V in hatchlings remain suggesting that these metals are barely bioavailable for the juveniles. Once the juveniles start to feed, the digestive gland appears to play a major role in the storage of all metals. After only one month of benthic life, the digestive gland already contains up to 90% of the total metal body burden, indicating that digestive gland plays a major role in the storage and presumed detoxification of the selected metals. Metal concentrations in the digestive gland increase in a logarithmic fashion with age during the entire life of cuttlefish, except for Ag which decreases as soon as cuttlefish migrate to open sea. This strongly suggests that (1) Ag is depurated from the digestive gland in relation to supposedly lower exposure in less contaminated environments compare to coastal waters and (2) the digestive gland of cephalopod could be a very good indicator of Ag contamination in the marine environment.
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