This work presents the geomechanical and thermodynamic aspects related to the problem of exploiting underground energy resources by fluid circulation. The first chapter discusses the thermodynamics of continuous media. The two frameworks of thermodynamics of isotropic fluid mixtures and thermodynamics of multiphase compositional flows in porous media are briefly pointed out. The second chapter treats the problem of hydraulic stimulation of deep geothermal reservoirs. While considering a continuum approach, it investigates hydraulic fracturing effects on impedance and efficiency of thermal recovery from these reservoirs. The chapter continues to scrutinize the technique of hydraulic fracturing, particularly the fluid-injection related induced seismicity. In a continuum-discontinuum framework, it provides a strategy to relate induced seismicity to non-diffusive triggering fronts that encompass most of the seismic cloud. Since renewable energy is limited to its intermittent nature, this research introduces gas storage in salt caverns as a large-scale storing technique. The increasing energy demands will, however, necessitate frequent utilization of these caverns. The fast cycling, and its subsequent severe mechanical and thermal charges, impose challenges regarding the thermodynamic state within the cavern, and the masses exchanged between the cavern phases. To have precise tracks of cycled gas quantities and to master losses, these challenges have to be considered. This work validates the mathematical models at the laboratory scale, and provides transferring techniques to real-scale applications. Each section provides a precise introduction concerning the discussed problem, and terminates by a conclusion. A general introduction and a review and perspectives are also furnished.