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Pré-Publication, Document De Travail Année : 2024

A brain-rhythm hierarchical predictive computations integrate semantics and acoustics in speech processing

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Unraveling how humans effortlessly grasp speech despite diverse environmental challenges has long intrigued researchers in systems and cognitive neuroscience. The interplay between semantic and phonological language structures has been a subject of debate in the linguistics and neurolinguistics literature that, so far, has not been resolved. We seek to understand the neural intricacies underpinning semantic-acoustic interplay in robust speech comprehension. To do so, we construct a computational mechanistic proof for the hypothesis, proposing a pivotal role for rhythmic predictive top-down contextualization facilitated by the delta rhythm in achieving time-invariant speech processing. Our Brain-Rhythm-based Inference model, BRyBI, integrates three key rhythmic processes -- theta-gamma interactions for parsing phoneme sequences, dynamic delta rhythm for inferred prosodic-phrase context, and resilient speech representations. Demonstrating mechanistic proof-of-principle, BRyBI replicates human behavioral experiments, showcasing its ability to handle pitch variations, time-warped speech, interruptions, and silences in non-comprehensible contexts. Intriguingly, the model aligns with human experiments, revealing optimal silence time scales in the theta- and delta-frequency ranges. Comparative analysis with deep neural network language models highlights distinctive performance patterns, emphasizing the unique capabilities of a rhythmic framework. In essence, our study sheds light on the neural underpinnings of speech processing, emphasizing the role of rhythmic brain mechanisms in structured temporal signal processing -- an insight that challenges prevailing artificial intelligence paradigms and hints at potential advancements in compact and robust computing architectures.
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pasteur-04627434 , version 1 (27-06-2024)

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Olesia Dogonasheva, Keith B Doelling, Denis Zakharov, Anne-Lise Giraud, Boris Gutkin. A brain-rhythm hierarchical predictive computations integrate semantics and acoustics in speech processing. 2024. ⟨pasteur-04627434⟩
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