Impact of PA Nonlinearities on AFDM Sensing: A Matched Filtering Perspective
Résumé
Affine Frequency Division Multiplexing (AFDM) is a promising waveform for integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) due to its Doppler resilience. AFDM waveforms exhibit a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), and they require highly linear PAs, which conflicts with ISAC requirements, where high transmit power for sensing is always beneficial. This paper investigates the impact of power amplifier (PA) nonlinearities on the sensing performance of AFDM. Using the Bussgang decomposition of the nonlinearly amplified AFDM signal, we analyze the delay-Doppler ambiguity function for the sensing matched filtering and show that AFDM's sidelobes remain nearly unaffected. Simulation results confirm that AFDM outperforms OFDM in target detection under high Doppler and nonlinear amplification, highlighting its suitability for the sensing task.
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