GTP hydrolysis drives microtubule growth in dynamic instability: Revisiting overlooked observations
Résumé
The spatiotemporal organization of microtubules (MTs) is fundamental to cellular function. Since its discovery four decades ago, dynamic instability (DI) has been extensively investigated as the core mechanism driving this organization, with the GTP-cap model serving as the prevailing framework for the data interpretation. However, accumulating evidence suggests a need to re-evaluate this paradigm. Key unresolved questions include how MTs elongate below the critical concentration for spontaneous nucleation, whether GMPCPP-tubulin (Tb) truly mimics the GTP-Tb in the growth phase, and whether protofilament (pf) curvature remains independent of the growing/shrinking phase. This Review provides a comprehensive resolution to these paradoxes by re-analyzing existing data through new conceptual lenses, ultimately predicting a GTPase-coupled MT growth in DI.
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