Article Dans Une Revue Reviews in Medical Virology Année : 2025

Monitoring Macrophage Polarization in Infectious Disease, Lesson From SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Résumé

The concept of macrophage polarization has been largely used in human diseases to define a typology of activation of myeloid cells reminiscent of lymphocyte functional subsets. In COVID-19, several studies have investigated myeloid compartment dysregulation and macrophage polarization as an indicator of disease prognosis and monitoring. SARS-CoV-2 induces an in vitro activation state in monocytes and macrophages that does not match the polarization categories in most studies. In COVID-19 patients, monocytes and macrophages are activated but they do not show a polarization profile. Therefore, the investigation of polarization under basic conditions was not relevant to assess monocyte and macrophage activation. The analysis of monocytes and macrophages with high-throughput methods has allowed the identification of new functional subsets in the context of COVID-19. This approach proposes an innovative stratification of myeloid cell activation. These new functional subsets of myeloid cells would be better biomarkers to assess the risk of complications in COVID-19, reserving the concept of polarization for pharmacological programme evaluation. This review reappraises the polarization of monocytes and macrophages in viral infections, particularly in COVID-19.

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hal-05479385 , version 1 (27-01-2026)

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  • HAL Id : hal-05479385 , version 1

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Soraya Mezouar, Jean-Louis Mege. Monitoring Macrophage Polarization in Infectious Disease, Lesson From SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Reviews in Medical Virology, 2025, 35 (3), pp.e70034. ⟨hal-05479385⟩
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