Investigating the molecular mechanisms of viral co-infection and its impact on aphid-mediated virus transmission
Résumé
Co-infection with multiple viruses is common in plants and can alter host and vector interactions. Here, we examine interactions between beet yellows virus (BYV, a closterovirus) and beet chlorosis virus (BChV, a polerovirus). Our earlier work showed co-infection reduced BChV transmission by ~50% without affecting BYV (Khechmar et al. 2024). This reduction was not due to decreased BChV accumulation or altered aphid feeding. Using SABER-FISH, we observed BYV localization changed during co-infection: from distinct spherical inclusions in single infections to diffuse patterns in co-infected cells. We hypothesize that this altered distribution underlies reduced BChV transmission. We further analyzed BChV protein localization. P3 localized strongly in the nucleus, P4 targeted plasmodesmata, and P3-5 was present in both sites. In contrast, P3a, P1, and P1-2 were diffusely cytoplasmic, while P0 likely localized to the nucleus and plasma membrane. These patterns imply diverse functions: P3/P3-5 may modulate nuclear processes and replication; P4/P3-5 support cell-to-cell movement; P0 may aid intercellular transport; and P3a/P1/P1-2 function in cytoplasmic processes. We are testing whether any BChV proteins drive BYV redistribution and thus influence transmission. Together, these findings inspire novel aspects of BYV–BChV–host interactions, highlighting its impact on vector transmission, and implicate managing mixed infections in crops.
| Origine | Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s) |
|---|---|
| Licence |