Preliminary Study on Biofilm Formation of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Goats in Malang, Indonesia
Résumé
Aims: This study aims to assess the biofilm-forming ability of Pasteurella multocida isolated from goats in Malang, Indonesia, as part of a preliminary effort to understand its pathogenic potential and implications for veterinary treatment strategies. Methodology: This study used a cross-sectional observational design, and was conducted in the Malang Raya region, Indonesia, from June to December 2024. A total of 63 clinical samples were collected post-mortem from goats exhibiting acute respiratory symptoms. Bacterial isolation was performed on blood agar and MacConkey agar. Biochemical identification of P. multocida was confirmed through Gram staining and a panel of biochemical tests. The biofilm formation ability was assessed using a microtiter plate assay with crystal violet staining, and the optical density (OD) was measured at 595 nm. Classification was based on established OD cutoff criteria. Results: Out of 63 samples, 8 isolates (12.7%) were confirmed as P. multocida. Biofilm assessment revealed diverse formation capacities: 3 isolates were non-biofilm formers (OD ≤ 0.600), 2 were weak (0.601–1.200), and 3 were moderate biofilm formers (1.201–2.400). No strong biofilm formers were identified. The presence of moderate biofilm formers indicates a potential increase in persistence and antimicrobial resistance, which may complicate treatment protocols. Conclusion: The varying abilities of P. multocida isolates to form biofilms underscore the importance of considering biofilm-associated resistance in veterinary intervention strategies. This study provides foundational data for future molecular and therapeutic research.