Article Dans Une Revue Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences Année : 2025

Ecological Risks of Anticancer Drugs in Aquatic Ecosystems: Monitoring and Advanced Remediation Strategies

Résumé

Aims: This study seeks to evaluate the ecological risks associated with anticancer drugs in aquatic environments, emphasizing their environmental behavior, toxicity, and persistence. It examines the presence of specific anticancer compounds and assesses their effects on aquatic organisms utilizing data derived from the EU "Cytothreat" project. Study Design: Experimental and observational research integrating laboratory toxicity assessments and environmental sampling to evaluate the ecological risks of anticancer pharmaceuticals. Methodology: Five-fluorouracil (5FU), cisplatin (CDDP), imatinib mesylate (IM), and etoposide (ET) are four commonly used anticancer drugs that work in different ways. They were tested on different indicator species, such as cyanobacteria, algae, higher plants, rotifers, crustaceans, fish, and human and fish-derived cell lines. Toxicity tests looked at short-term, medium-term, and long-term exposure situations. The Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) was used to keep an eye on anticancer drugs in wastewater. It found capecitabine, ifosfamide, and cyclophosphamide, which were steadily absorbed over a 15-day period. We used site-specific sampling rates to figure out the average environmental concentrations. Results: Cisplatin was determined to be the most dangerous substance, with its hazard concentration ranking in the 5th percentile among the drugs tested. Acute toxicity rankings against Daphnia magna showed the following order of strength: alkylating agents > antibiotics > endocrine therapy agents > platinum complexes > antimetabolites. POCIS consistently detected capecitabine at 32 ± 1 ng·L⁻¹ over five days, demonstrating a robust correlation with concentrations measured in grab samples. Conclusion: Anticancer drugs have measurable ecological risks because they are toxic and stay in water systems for a long time. POCIS and standardized ecotoxicological assays are two examples of monitoring tools that can accurately describe environmental exposures. This information can help us understand the need for better wastewater treatment and pharmaceutical stewardship to reduce the impact of these new contaminants.

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Dates et versions

hal-05143441 , version 1 (04-07-2025)

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  • HAL Id : hal-05143441 , version 1

Citer

Ivan Kamal Hamasalih, Ali Mohammed Salih, Auos Saad Taeh Alrubaye, Trifa Kamal Jalal, Abdulrahman Ahmed Mahmood, et al.. Ecological Risks of Anticancer Drugs in Aquatic Ecosystems: Monitoring and Advanced Remediation Strategies. Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences, 2025, 15 (3), pp.92-106. ⟨hal-05143441⟩
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