Impact of Development-Induced Resettlement on the Occupational Structure of Slum Dwellers: A Case of Cuttack City, India
Résumé
Urbanization and Urban Development often results in displacement and resettlement of slum dwellers to make a way for infrastructural development. Cuttack is the second most populated city of Odisha with very high density of population. Decades of unplanned growth and rapid increase in urban population due to rural-urban migration results in haphazardly distributed settlements with small roads, limited parking and open space, development of slums/squatter settlements within the city. In recent times, developmental activities of Cuttack city under the 5T (Transparency, Technology, Teamwork, time and Transformation) initiative of government leads to the displacement of more than 20 slums from the city centres and resettled at outer parts of the city. The main focus of this study is to examine the impacts of urban development-induced resettlement of slum dwellers on their workforce structure. This study is based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data has been collected through questionnaire survey based on simple random sampling. In this study, 180 samples collected from 100 households which constitutes approximately 5% of the total household. On other hand, secondary data has been collected from Cuttack Municipal Corporation (CMC), Google earth engine. This study used descriptive statistics and simple cartographic technique for the data analysis. This study found that resettlement of slum dwellers highly impacted on their income due to increasing working distance, change of mode of transportation and decreasing working days. This study also found that 11.1% of workers lost their work after resettlement and out of which 75% were female workers. There is 33.3% rise in use of public transportation after resettlement resulting in higher transportation cost and fall in average monthly working days. This study will help the city planners for better slum management in near future.