Validation of urban microclimate models: toward a methodology
Résumé
In the current context where the consequences of urban development must be mastered, the knowledge of urban physical phenomena is a key factor and modeling can provide a decision support in the establishment of urban climate adaptation and mitigation strategies. Several urban microclimate models are being continuously developed and improved. However, their qualification or validation remains a very difficult task due to the lack of methodology and available data. The research community in Buildings Energy Modeling has proposed a whole validation frame, the BESTEST, but there hasn’t been such a proposal for urban microclimate modeling. We propose a framework to engage such an approach, focusing on models dedicated to the district scale. The method lies on progressive steps. The first one is the set-up of methodological bases and the choice of key performance indicators. The second one considers academic cases in a street canyon. One physical phenomenon is enabled step-by-step. For these cases, the results are compared to reference solutions (analytical or obtained with reference simulation tools). The third step compares the results of modules on simple cases (natural surface, tree, dry and watered paved surface, building) with measurement or reference data. The fourth step is the comparison with measurements in small scale streets canyon. To end this process, we propose to gather measurement data and simulation results for more complex configurations. Within the DIAMS project, we have initiated this validation framework with the tools we develop or use and the data set we have gathered. We are looking to open our work to all simulation tools and measurements data sets. Methodological proposals are also welcomed in order to provide a common effort toward a better quality in urban adaptation solutions assessment
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