Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2024

Changing youth work models in pastoralism : questioning the disruption of institutional compromises in Burkina Faso

Résumé

The future of pastoralism in sub-Saharan Africa has historically raised questions, triggered either from the political perspective of a “productivist” sedentary modernization, or by concerns about its capacity to sup-port sustainable livelihoods and its role in the environment. Such narratives are currently fuelled by the critical combination of demographic, economic, climatic and political factors. We aim at questioning current changes in pastoral production and reproduction through the relationships of families to youth labour migration in Burkina Faso, by situating our empirical work in the Sahel within the perspective of the Theory of Regulation (Boyer 1986). We define pastoralism as a livelihood and an animal production system specialized in valuing unpredictable environmental variability through diverse strategies, among those the mobility of people and herds is key. Its capacity to build and steward functional integrity (Hubert and Ison, 2011) between heterogenous agroecosystems and socio-economic activities depends on collective resource governance institutions (FAO, 2021). The progressive disruption of institutional compromises (André 2002) around land tenure and mobility reconfigures pastoral systems and their place in rural territories. The concept of social activity relationship (RSA) helps understanding these dynamics of change: family and/or wage labour changes in connection with growing inequalities in terms of mobility, livestock marketing and diversification opportunities. The regional labour migrations of young pastoralists are described as more and more difficult and risky. However, they play on different institutions within the RSA: making possible to renegotiate access to land and public services, and to acquire income outside the family, strengthening and transforming endogenous social protection circuits. Analysing the work in pastoralism from this perspective emphasizes the political dimensions of accumulation and redistribution, and calls for linking changes in pastoral societies with the forms that the State assumes locally. Beyond ambivalent relationships ranging from unfair integration to avoidance and exclusion, the future of pastoralism depends on new and more equal institutional compromises building on and renewing moral economies in rural areas.

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hal-04904107 , version 1 (21-01-2025)

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  • HAL Id : hal-04904107 , version 1

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Véronique Ancey, Sergio Dario Magnani, Pierre Girard, Sara Mercandalli, Charline Rangé, et al.. Changing youth work models in pastoralism : questioning the disruption of institutional compromises in Burkina Faso. L'antropologia del lavoro/Il lavoro applicato dell'antropologia, Società Italiana di Antropologia Applicata - Università di Messina, Dec 2024, Messina, France. 6 p. ⟨hal-04904107⟩
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