Glider, ship and satellite measurements of marine bioluminescence in the Mediterranean Sea: the BIOLUMOPS project
Résumé
In the ocean, bioluminescent organisms are ubiquitous (e.g. Martini and Haddock 2017) anddeeply related to the ocean dynamics at multiple-scale (e.g. Piontkovski et al 2023).Bioluminescent organisms range from bacteria (bioluminescent bacteria have ecologicalimportance in the biological carbon pump, e.g. Tanet et al 2020) to fishes, not forgetting inparticular many zooplankton species and most dinoflagellates (these bioluminescent organismsemit light through mechanical stimulation allowing in situ sensing of these biological tracers).BIOLUMOPS (“BIOLUminescence Marine, Observations spatio-temporelles in situ par PlaneurSous-marin”) is a project running for 3 years from January 2024 to December 2026. The studyfocuses on the Gulf of Lion, in the Mediterranean Sea, which is known to be an area where winterdeep convection occurs recurrently, in correlation with bioluminescence signals (Martini et al 2014).The project aims at observing the bioluminescence and their related physical and biogeochemicalvariables at multiscale: from the fine scale vertical sawtooth paths sampling of an ocean glider tothe large scale surface ocean colour sampling of satellite remote sensors, not mentioning thediscreet sampling of the ship measurements. The four main tasks of this project aremultidisciplinary: 1. integrating two (reference and innovative) bioluminescence sensors on a sameglider; 2. deploying ship and glider in the Gulf of Lion over three surveys; 3. data processing usingclassification of organisms, in relation with biochemical and hydrodynamic variables; 4. validatingocean colour satellite image of dinoflagellates in the highly dynamic waters of the Gulf of Lion.ReferencesMartini, S., Nerini, D., Tamburini, C. (2014), Relation between deep bioluminescence and oceanographicvariables: A statistical analysis using time–frequency decompositions, Progress in Oceanography, 127, 117-128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.07.003Martini, S., Haddock, S. (2017), Quantification of bioluminescence from the surface to the deep seademonstrates its predominance as an ecological trait, Sci Rep 7, 45750, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45750Piontkovski, S. A., Melnik, A. V., Serikova, I. M., Minsky, I. A., Zhuk, V. F. (2023), Bioluminescent eddies ofthe World Ocean, Luminescence, 38(4), 505, https://doi.org/10.1002/bio.4475Tanet, L., Martini, S., Casalot, L., and Tamburini, C. (2020), Reviews and syntheses: Bacterialbioluminescence – ecology and impact in the biological carbon pump, Biogeosciences, 17, 3757–3778,https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3757-2020.
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