Euclid near infrared spectrometer and photometer instrument NISP in space
Résumé
Launched successfully on July 1st, 2023, Euclid, the M2 mission of the ESA cosmic vision program, aims mainly at understanding the origin of the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Along with a visible imager VIS, it is equipped with the NISP instrument, a Near Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer, bespoke tailored to perform a 3D mapping of the observable Universe. It operates in the near-infrared spectral range, from 900 nm to 2000 nm with 2 observing modes: as a spectrometer, the NISP instrument will permit measuring millions of galaxy spectroscopic redshifts over the 6.5 years lifetime of the Euclid mission; as a photometer, it will obtain photometric redshifts of billions of galaxies. This paper provides a description of the NISP instrument, its scientific objectives, and offers an assessment of its current performance in flight.
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