Purpose. To explore the effects of the Personalized Citizen Assistance for Social Participation (APIC), an intervention adapted here for visual impairment, involving weekly stimulation sessions over six to twelve months, provided by trained and supervised attendants, on seven outcomes (social participation, leisure, independence, mobility, quality of life, health-related quality of life, and empowerment) in older adults with visual impairment, and to document its facilitators and barriers. Methods. A mixed-method design, which included a pre-experimental and an exploratory qualitative clinical research component, was used on 8 older adults (7 women) with visual impairment aged 70-86, and 8 attendants (5 women) aged 20-74. Before the intervention, directly after, and four months later, older adults completed questionnaires on the 7 outcomes.

During the intervention, attendants completed diaries and participated in monthly meetings. Semi-structured interviews were administered to all participants after the intervention. Results. Social participation, leisure, mobility, quality of life and empowerment had increased immediately after the APIC. These improvements were still generally observed four months later.

Participants reported that the APIC improved older adults' capabilities, social participation, and social environment. Conclusions. The APIC is a promising intervention which helps older adults with visual impairment to deal with social restrictions.