Abstract Prayers for practical benefits—academic success, health, prosperity—are a major part of Buddhism as it is lived in Asia, but their status is controversial, both locally and academically. Widely practiced, they are also generally criticized in Buddhist intellectual circles. Moreover, the people who practice them—mostly women—also refuse to “pray like their grandmothers” and express the will to practice an enlightened Buddhism. Based on the case of prayers for academic success in South Korea, this chapter presents how the so-called prayers for good fortune (kibok 祈福) are framed within contemporary Buddhism. It also describes how clerics and laypeople share the concern to develop an “educated Buddhism” where it is possible to pray for this-worldly happiness in a “correct”—here “properly Buddhist”—way. Through the description of a case study, this chapter provides a reflection on the notion of popular religion in the context of contemporary Buddhism.