We have previously shown that the acute intake of dairy products, fermented can alter the postprandial profiles of circulating metabolites. Interestingly, we noted that the postprandial responses of the clusters of identified metabolites where different when considering the age of the consumers, suggesting a major role of the ageing process on the metabolic response to the dairy intake. In order to investigate the mechanisms behind these changes, here we explored the mRNA profiles of 44 targeted genes in the circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of the FermentoMilk study participants, including adult (20-35yr, n=11) and elderly (65-80yr, n=11) men. After a run-in period of three weeks, during which the consumption of dairy products and other fermented products was excluded, the participants were asked to consume 600 ml of milk or yogurt. PBMC were collected before and after the run-in period, as well as before (0h) and after (2h, 4h) the acute dairy intake. Following RNA extraction and retrotranscription, the mRNA levels of 44 genes were simultaneously measured using TaqMan Array Cards. The statistical analyses revealed that the most important alterations observed on the studied genes came from the age factor, either during the restriction or the postprandial period. Thus, 8 genes (mostly related to inflammation), namely CXCR2, Actn4, GPBAR1, IFNG, MRPS33, SVPB, TLR4, TNFRSF1 were up-regulated in the elderly when compared to the adult participants, irrespectively of the dairy product consumed or the period considered. In addition to this, 16 genes showed postprandial changes, with at least one time point being different from the basal value. Interestingly, some of the targets showed changes related to specific interactions. When yogurt was consumed, several genes related to inflammation (IFNG) apoptosis (SH3KBP1), lipid metabolism (NR1H2, NR1H3) and oxidative phosphorylation (NDUFS4) were up-regulated only in the elderly participants. We conclude that the ageing process has a predominant impact on the targeted mRNA levels in circulating PBMC. In addition, some of the targets studied reacted to the short-term (postprandial) stimulation, especially when yogurt was consumed by the elderly participants, revealing age-related differences that can contribute to explain the population-specific metabolic responses to dairy intake.