ND70 Series Basaltic Glass Reference Materials for Volatile Element (H$_2$O , CO$_2$, S, Cl, F) Measurement and the C Ionisation Efficiency Suppression Effect of Water in Silicate Glasses in SIMS
Résumé
We present a new set of reference materials, the ND70‐series, for in situ measurement of volatile elements (H$_2$, CO$_2$, S, Cl, F) in silicate glass of basaltic composition. The materials were synthesised in piston cylinders at pressures of 1 to 1.5 GPa under volatile‐undersaturated conditions. They span mass fractions from 0 to 6% m/m H$_2$O, from 0 to 1.6% m/m CO$_2$ and from 0 to 1% m/m S, Cl and F. The materials were characterised by elastic recoil detection analysis for H$_2$O by nuclear reaction analysis for CO$_2$ , by elemental analyser for CO$_2$, by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for H$_2$O and CO$_2$ , by secondary ion mass spectrometry for H$_2$, CO$_2$, S, Cl and F, and by electron probe microanalysis for CO$_2$, S, Cl and major elements. Comparison between expected and measured volatile amounts across techniques and institutions is excellent. It was found however that SIMS measurements of CO$_2$ mass fractions using either Cs$^+$ or O$^-$ primary beams are strongly affected by the glass H$_2$O content. Reference materials have been made available to users at ion probe facilities in the US, Europe and Japan. Remaining reference materials are preserved at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History where they are freely available on loan to any researcher.
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