In this paper, dent initiated Rolling Contact Fatigue (RCF) of nitrided 32CrMoV13 steel is studied, both experimentally and numerically, from the indentation process to the RCF failure. First, a method based on nano-indentation testing has been set up to identify the local elastic-plastic behaviour of nitrided 32CrMoV13 steel, hence enabling the characterisation of the micro-yield shear stress profile. Fatigue tests have then been conducted to evidence the influence of different operating conditions on RCF and to compare nitrided 32CrMoV13 steel to a reference material. Last, a numerical study is presented. An indent based endurance limit, H1I is determined. The comparison of H1I with experimental results show that it is a coherent definition of the endurance limit.