Chapitre 10. Between Professionalisation and Marginalisation in the Creative (and Cultural) Industries: A New Look of the Work of Musicians in a French Large Creative City
Résumé
The policies in creative and cultural industries (CCIs) are often based on an implicit assumption that work in the cultural and creative sectors is ‘good work’ and dominant discourses tend to over-celebrate entrepreneurship. The authors argue that not enough attention has been paid to the real work in CCIs. The stake is to better address the symptoms observed for a sustainable and inclusive economy in the CCIs. Through the entrepreneurship-as-practice perspective, the authors document the professionalisation difficulties in music sector, with a qualitative study in a French city, with a particular focus on the marginalisation experienced by the young artists. With the identification of their work specificities and the tendencies for the twenty-first century, the authors point out the diversity of the tasks, the multi-activity and collective practices and the need for some innovative support organisational forms to develop training and skilling (both artistic and entrepreneurial).
L’hypothèse implicite selon laquelle le travail dans les activités culturelles et créatives serait un « good work » s’appuie sur un discours dominant tendant à sur-estimer l’entrepreneuriat. Au côté des discours officiels, on constate cependant des réalités toutes autres, moins connues. Dans ce contexte, la recherche propose de cerner les pratiques effectives de travail des artistes, notamment leurs pratiques entrepreneuriales, dans la perspective de l’« entrepreneurship-as-practice ». A partir d'une étude qualitative sur une région française, les auteures documentent les difficultés de professionnalisation des artistes entreprenants.