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Article Dans Une Revue Global Change Biology Année : 2024

Biological invasions are a population‐level rather than a species‐level phenomenon

Ismael Soto
Irmak Kurtul
Adrián Lázaro-Lobo
Ben Parker
Victoria Dominguez Almela
Demetra Andreou
Jaime Moyano
Sencer Akalın
Cüneyt Kaya
Esra Bayçelebi
Sadi Aksu
Özgür Emiroğlu
Vanessa de Santis
Melina Kourantidou
Daniel Pincheira-Donoso
J. Robert Britton
Antonín Kouba
Natalia Kirichenko
David Renault
Romina D Fernandez
Martin A Nuñez
Emma Judith Hudgins
Dmitrii L Musolin
Ross N. Cuthbert

Résumé

Biological invasions pose a rapidly expanding threat to the persistence, functioning and service provisioning of ecosystems globally, and to socio‐economic interests. The stages of successful invasions are driven by the same mechanism that underlies adaptive changes across species in general—via natural selection on intraspecific variation in traits that influence survival and reproductive performance (i.e., fitness). Surprisingly, however, the rapid progress in the field of invasion science has resulted in a predominance of species‐level approaches (such as deny lists), often irrespective of natural selection theory, local adaptation and other population‐level processes that govern successful invasions. To address these issues, we analyse non‐native species dynamics at the population level by employing a database of European freshwater macroinvertebrate time series, to investigate spreading speed, abundance dynamics and impact assessments among populations. Our findings reveal substantial variability in spreading speed and abundance trends within and between macroinvertebrate species across biogeographic regions, indicating that levels of invasiveness and impact differ markedly. Discrepancies and inconsistencies among species‐level risk screenings and real population‐level data were also identified, highlighting the inherent challenges in accurately assessing population‐level effects through species‐level assessments. In recognition of the importance of population‐level assessments, we urge a shift in invasive species management frameworks, which should account for the dynamics of different populations and their environmental context. Adopting an adaptive, region‐specific and population‐focused approach is imperative, considering the diverse ecological contexts and varying degrees of susceptibility. Such an approach could improve and refine risk assessments while promoting mechanistic understandings of risks and impacts, thereby enabling the development of more effective conservation and management strategies.
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hal-04595914 , version 1 (01-06-2024)

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Phillip Joschka Haubrock, Ismael Soto, Danish A. Ahmed, Ali R. Ansari, Ali Serhan Tarkan, et al.. Biological invasions are a population‐level rather than a species‐level phenomenon. Global Change Biology, 2024, 30 (5), pp.e17312. ⟨10.1111/gcb.17312⟩. ⟨hal-04595914⟩
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