Cortical sulci are regional neurodevelopmental biomarkers of schizophrenia diagnosis
Les sillons corticaux sont des biomarqueurs neuro-développementaux régionaux du diagnostic de la schizophrénie
Résumé
The human cortical brain is folded and made of bumps called gyri, separated by grooves called sulci. Folding is highly variable among individuals, and making sense of this variability has been a long-standing goal. Part of this variability can be described by clinically relevant parameters. Here, we learn to predict a mental disorder with a likely neurodevelopmental imprint---schizophrenia---from the cortical folds by using as volume inputs cortical skeletons, which are negative casts of the brain. We are looking for local folding descriptors, not global ones; thus, we scatter the learning over 24 sulcal bilateral regions on the two hemispheres and apply an ensemble method to each region. We found significant correlations between cortical folding and schizophrenia in the precentral, temporal, and occipital regions and the collateral fissure.
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