In a Mediterranean area characterized by strong seismic activity, the earthquake that struck central Italy in 2016 caused considerable damage to the archaeological and historical heritage. This catastrophic event, as well as recent archaeological fieldwork and paleoseimological research in the same area, led to the organization in 2019 of the first International Conference ‘Living with seismic phenomena in the Mediterranean from Antiquity to the Middle Ages’ in Cascia (Italy). In 2021, a second Conference, devoted to the same topic, was held at Le Mans University (France). The articles collected in this work constitute a selection of the oral presentations or posters presented during the two Conferences. In the first two sections of the book, the readers will find contributions ranging from different ways of understanding seismic phenomena to strategies of post-disaster management, adaptation and resilience employed by societies and political authorities. From the third part onwards, the readers will find gathered paleoseimological and archaeological data (for the most part previously unpublished) on various sites in the Italian peninsula and, more in general, in the Mediterranean space and its frontiers. Finally, the last section of this book is devoted to the new field of emerging multidisciplinary studies on the specific characteristics of reconstruction and post-seismic building techniques. As a whole, using a multidisciplinary approach, the contents of the book aim to push forward the knowledge on human/environment relations in the longue durée, contribute to the protection of the architectural and cultural heritage, and promote a culture of risk management in territories exposed to seismic risk.