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Article Dans Une Revue Scientific Reports Année : 2024

Assessment of the impact of a personalised nutrition intervention in impaired glucose regulation over 26 weeks: a randomised controlled trial

Maria Karvela
Caroline T Golden
Nikeysha Bell
Stephanie Martin-Li
  • Fonction : Auteur
Judith Bedzo-Nutakor
  • Fonction : Auteur
Natalie Bosnic
  • Fonction : Auteur
Pierre DeBeaudrap
Sara de Mateo-Lopez
Ahmed Alajrami
  • Fonction : Auteur
Yun Qin
  • Fonction : Auteur
Maria Eze
  • Fonction : Auteur
Tsz-Kin Hon
  • Fonction : Auteur
Javier Simón-Sánchez
  • Fonction : Auteur
Rashmita Sahoo
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard
Patrick Soon-Shiong
  • Fonction : Auteur
Christofer Toumazou
Nick Oliver

Résumé

Abstract Dietary interventions can reduce progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in people with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia. In this study we aimed to determine the impact of a DNA-personalised nutrition intervention in people with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia over 26 weeks. ASPIRE-DNA was a pilot study. Participants were randomised into three arms to receive either (i) Control arm: standard care (NICE guidelines) (n = 51), (ii) Intervention arm: DNA-personalised dietary advice (n = 50), or (iii) Exploratory arm: DNA-personalised dietary advice via a self-guided app and wearable device (n = 46). The primary outcome was the difference in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) between the Control and Intervention arms after 6 weeks. 180 people were recruited, of whom 148 people were randomised, mean age of 59 years (SD = 11), 69% of whom were female. There was no significant difference in the FPG change between the Control and Intervention arms at 6 weeks (− 0.13 mmol/L (95% CI [− 0.37, 0.11]), p = 0.29), however, we found that a DNA-personalised dietary intervention led to a significant reduction of FPG at 26 weeks in the Intervention arm when compared to standard care (− 0.019 (SD = 0.008), p = 0.01), as did the Exploratory arm (− 0.021 (SD = 0.008), p = 0.006). HbA1c at 26 weeks was significantly reduced in the Intervention arm when compared to standard care (− 0.038 (SD = 0.018), p = 0.04). There was some evidence suggesting prevention of progression to T2DM across the groups that received a DNA-based intervention (p = 0.06). Personalisation of dietary advice based on DNA did not result in glucose changes within the first 6 weeks but was associated with significant reduction of FPG and HbA1c at 26 weeks when compared to standard care. The DNA-based diet was effective regardless of intervention type, though results should be interpreted with caution due to the low sample size. These findings suggest that DNA-based dietary guidance is an effective intervention compared to standard care, but there is still a minimum timeframe of adherence to the intervention before changes in clinical outcomes become apparent. Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov.uk Ref: NCT03702465.
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hal-04553988 , version 1 (22-04-2024)

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Maria Karvela, Caroline T Golden, Nikeysha Bell, Stephanie Martin-Li, Judith Bedzo-Nutakor, et al.. Assessment of the impact of a personalised nutrition intervention in impaired glucose regulation over 26 weeks: a randomised controlled trial. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14 (1), pp.5428. ⟨10.1038/s41598-024-55105-6⟩. ⟨hal-04553988⟩
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