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Article Dans Une Revue Water Année : 2024

The Heatwave of Summer 2022 in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea: Some Species Were Winners

Patrick Astruch
  • Fonction : Auteur
Serena André
Bruno Belloni
  • Fonction : Auteur
Éric Charbonnel
  • Fonction : Auteur
Adrien Cheminée
Jean-Michel Cottalorda
  • Fonction : Auteur
Renaud Dupuy de la Grandrive
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Michel Marengo
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Briac Monnier
Gérard Pergent
  • Fonction : Auteur
Christine Pergent-Martini
Michèle Perret-Boudouresque
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sandrine Ruitton
  • Fonction : Auteur
Isabelle Taupier-Letage
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

The warming trend of the Mediterranean Sea is a long-term process. It has resulted in a northwards and westwards range expansion and abundance increase of thermophilic species, both native and non-indigenous, and in a shrinking of the range of cold-affinity species. Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are relatively short-term extreme episodes that are responsible for spectacular mortality events in some species and have been extensively reported in the literature. In contrast, the species that benefit from MHWs (the ‘winners’) have been much less studied. A record-breaking MHW occurred in 2022 in the north-western Mediterranean Sea. We focus on three ‘winner’ species, the thermophilic green macroalgae Penicillus capitatus and Microdictyon umbilicatum and the endemic seagrass Posidonia oceanica. Penicillus capitatus, which is mainly present in the area as an inconspicuous turf of entangled filaments (espera stage), produced the erect paintbrush-like stage where sexual reproduction takes place. Microdictyon umbilicatum, usually uncommon, bloomed to the point of clogging fishing nets. Finally, a mass flowering of P. oceanica occurred in late August–September, followed the following year (April–May 2023) by the extensive production and dissemination of fruits and seeds. Both processes, the long-term warming trend and one-off heatwaves, both ‘losers’ and ‘winners’, shape the change in structure and functioning of Mediterranean ecosystems.
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hal-04538975 , version 1 (11-04-2024)

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Charles-François Boudouresque, Patrick Astruch, Serena André, Bruno Belloni, Aurélie Blanfuné, et al.. The Heatwave of Summer 2022 in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea: Some Species Were Winners. Water, 2024, 16 (2), pp.219. ⟨10.3390/w16020219⟩. ⟨hal-04538975⟩
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