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Article Dans Une Revue Annales Médico-Psychologiques, Revue Psychiatrique Année : 2024

Psychometric features of the Cocaine Use Motivation Questionnaire (CUMQ)

Caractéristiques psychométriques du questionnaire sur la motivation à consommer de la cocaïne (CUMQ)

Résumé

Objectives Cocaine use has tended to increase over the past decade, particularly among younger populations. Cocaine is the second most commonly used illicit substance in France. Over the past few years, there has been an uptick in cocaine consumption in the country. The observed increase in consumption raises questions about the underlying motives. The goal of the present study is to construct and validate a questionnaire that explores the motivation behind cocaine use. Materials and methods This paper consists of two studies conducted on different data collections. In the first study, one thousand, one hundred and thirteen (n=1113) individuals participated and six hundred and seventy (n=670) individuals participated in the second study. All participants were current or former cocaine users. These participants completed an online sociodemographic questionnaire, a constructed questionnaire exploring motivations for cocaine use. This questionnaire was developed using the self-determination theory of (Deci & Ryan, 1985) and 11 semi-structured interviews with users. The purpose of these interviews was to explore the motivation for cocaine use, the expected benefits, and the negative consequences. From literature and the corpus of previously completed interviews, a first version of the questionnaire with 31 items was produced. The research respects the ethical recommendations of Helsinki and has received a favorable opinion from the research ethics committee. The data was collected anonymously and on a voluntary basis. Results In the first study, 574 (51.6%) men and 539 (48.4%) women participated. The mean age of the participants was 25.0 years (SD=5.83) ranging from 18 to 65 years old. In the second study 310 (46.3%) men and 360 (53.7%) women participated. The mean age of the participants was 25.7 years (SD=4.23) ranging from 18 to 48 years old. Initially, an exploratory factor analysis was carried out. This first analysis resulted in a 23-item questionnaire with a four-factor solution: pleasant sensations, social pressure and self-image, absence of motivation, and curiosity and experience. The psychometric indicators were quite satisfactory with X2 (465)=15951, P<0.001 for the Bartlett test and 0.91 for the KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) test. In the second part of the research, the confirmatory factor analysis indicated a solution with three factors and 21 items. Psychometric indicators showed CFI (Comparative Fit Index)=0.89, RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation)=0.06 and SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual)=0.06. The three main factors for cocaine use were: pleasant and positive sensations, social pressure and self-esteem, and amotivation. Conclusions This study laid the groundwork for the development of a valid questionnaire to explore and better understand the cocaine users’ motivations, thereby enabling preventive and therapeutic measures to be adjusted accordingly. This questionnaire can also be used for future research on cocaine use, which is focused on mental health as well as family history and history of traumatic life events, as associated with cocaine use. We may also consider replicating this study on a clinical population with a cocaine-dependency diagnosis, potentially revealing additional motivations.
Objectifs L’usage de la cocaïne a tendance à augmenter au cours de la dernière décennie, en particulier chez des populations jeunes. Par conséquent, le but de la présente étude est de construire et de valider un questionnaire concernant l’usage de la cocaïne. Matériel et méthode Cet article se compose de deux études menées sur des recueils de données distincts. Dans la première étude, 1 613 personnes ont participé. Six cent soixante-dix personnes ont participé dans la seconde étude, tous étaient d’actuels ou anciens consommateurs de cocaïne. Ces participants ont complété en ligne un questionnaire sociodémographique et un questionnaire construit explorant les motivations de consommation de cocaïne. Résultats L’analyse factorielle exploratoire concernant le questionnaire sur les motivations à consommer de la cocaïne indique une solution à quatre facteurs et vingt-trois items. Les indicateurs psychométriques étaient plutôt satisfaisants avec X2 (465)=15 951, p<0,001 pour le test de Bartlett et 0,91 pour le KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin). L’analyse factorielle confirmatoire indique une solution à trois facteurs et vingt-et-un items. Les indicateurs psychométriques montrent un CFI (Comparative Fit Index) de 0,89, un RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) de 0,06 et un SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) de 0,06. Les trois facteurs principaux de la consommation de cocaïne seraient donc: les sensations agréables et positives, la pression sociale et l’estime de soi et l’amotivation. Conclusions Cette étude a posé les bases de l’élaboration d’un questionnaire valide pour explorer les motivations de la consommation de cocaïne. Ce questionnaire permet de mieux comprendre ce qui pousse certaines personnes à consommer de la cocaïne et par conséquent d’ajuster les actions de prévention et thérapeutiques.

Domaines

Psychologie
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Dates et versions

hal-04537686 , version 1 (08-04-2024)

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Camille Auriol, Margot Moulinas, Vera Walburg. Psychometric features of the Cocaine Use Motivation Questionnaire (CUMQ). Annales Médico-Psychologiques, Revue Psychiatrique, 2024, 178 (1), ⟨10.1016/j.amp.2023.12.013⟩. ⟨hal-04537686⟩
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