Why do Data speak for themselves? A semio-pragmatic approach of data visualization as story telling medium
Résumé
Data journalism uses data visualizations as an alternative way to tell stories at a time when information overload and the “mal info” are denounced. Online journalism faces a big challenge: being as up-to-date as possible is a priority, and it no longer allows deeper and more reflective coverage. In this respect, data journalism would provide a solution to the problem. This digital format would be appropriate to present visually news without simplifying it. Furthermore, the media user would consider that data journalism guarantees a reliable coverage of news. Data visualization would provide more “objectivity” to journalism: visual language and figures would speak by themselves, instead of the journalist voice, which could be regarded as unreliable. It would be a right responding to the challenge of digital journalism and, more broadly, to distrust regarding news and journalists. How do data seem to speak for themselves? This working paper highlights the fact that data and their visualization carry many informational mediations. Based on the semiology of graphics approach, the paper underlines the different kind of mediation data journalism used to produce a refreshed storytelling, from the making of these data to the meaning making process.
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