Roadblocks to Hybrid Wheat Seed Production: An Analysis of Constraints
Résumé
There is great pressure on wheat, a crucial staple crop of global importance due to issues such as
climate change, rising population numbers, and both microorganismic (biotic) and mineral (abiotic)
stress. Heterosis can be employed in developing superior characters in hybrid wheat resulting from
crosses between highly divergent parents. However, hybrid wheat has been beset with problems
such as self-pollination, low heterosis, prohibitive production cost, and small scale of consumer
acceptance. It explores how hybrid wheats are produced such as chemical hybridising agents,
cytoplasmic male sterility and genomic selection. This aspect entails difficulties and complexity
associated with hybrid wheat production such as hybrid incompatibility, unstable genetics, diverse
heterotic families and requirement for genomic prediction of hybrid vigour. Hybrid wheat’s lag of
adoption in India is discussed with a special view put on particular problems associated with that
country alone. Nevertheless, there are still some issues associated with heterotic grouping and sterility systems specific for the Indian situation. Nevertheless, significant efforts, including the
hybrid network of ICAR or transgenic methods, give hope to future. Finally, it should be noted that
although hybrid wheat appears to have a great promise of high yield and good grain quality, biogenetic limitations must be sorted first. Addressing these hurdles is essential if hybrid wheat is
expected to increase food security and improve nutrition amid dwindling water resources due to
growing populations worldwide.
Mots clés
Hybrid wheat self-pollination heterosis hybrid incompatibility genetic instability heterotic groups genomic selection India male sterility food security
Hybrid wheat
self-pollination
heterosis
hybrid incompatibility
genetic instability
heterotic groups
genomic selection
India
male sterility
food security
Domaines
Sciences agricoles
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Licence : Copyright (Tous droits réservés)